这几天在研究shardingjdbc，执行insert时，老是报错Sharding value must implements Comparable。。具体报错信息如下：
2019-12-04 11:23:08.993 ERROR 2756 --- [nio-9006-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[.[.[/].[dispatcherServlet] : Servlet.service() for servlet [dispatcherServlet] in context with path [] threw exception [Request processing failed; nested exception is org.mybatis.spring.MyBatisSystemException: nested exception is org.apache.ibatis.exceptions.PersistenceException: ### Error updating database. Cause: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Sharding value must implements Comparable. ### The error may exist in file [E:\itellij idea project\zpTest\myshardingjdbc\target\classes\mapper\TImageMapper.xml] ### The error may involve com.example.myshardingjdbc.mapper.TImageMapper.insert-Inline ### The error occurred while setting parameters ### SQL: insert into t_image (image_id,title, small_image, path, create_user, create_time, update_user, update_time, is_delete, is_enable) values (?,?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?) ### Cause: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Sharding value must implements Comparable.] with root cause java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Sharding value must implements Comparable. at com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument(Preconditions.java:122) ~[guava-18.0.jar:na] at org.apache.shardingsphere.core.optimize.sharding.segment.condition.engine.InsertClauseShardingConditionEngine.getRouteValue(InsertClauseShardingConditionEngine.java:106) ~[sharding-core-optimize-4.0.0-RC2.jar:4.0.0-RC2] at org.apache.shardingsphere.core.optimize.sharding.segment.condition.engine.InsertClauseShardingConditionEngine.fillShardingCondition(InsertClauseShardingConditionEngine.java:95) ~[sharding-core-optimize-4.0.0-RC2.jar:4.0.0-RC2] at org.apache.shardingsphere.core.optimize.sharding.segment.condition.engine.InsertClauseShardingConditionEngine.getShardingCondition(InsertClauseShardingConditionEngine.java:86) ~[sharding-core-optimize-4.0.0-RC2.jar:4.0.0-RC2] at org.apache.shardingsphere.core.optimize.sharding.segment.condition.engine.InsertClauseShardingConditionEngine.getShardingConditions(InsertClauseShardingConditionEngine.java:76) ~[sharding-core-optimize-4.0.0-RC2.jar:4.0.0-RC2] at org.apache.shardingsphere.core.optimize.sharding.segment.condition.engine.InsertClauseShardingConditionEngine.createShardingConditions(InsertClauseShardingConditionEngine.java:61) ~[sharding-core-optimize-4.0.0-RC2.jar:4.0.0-RC2] at org.apache.shardingsphere.core.optimize.sharding.engnie.dml.ShardingInsertOptimizeEngine.optimize(ShardingInsertOptimizeEngine.java:61) ~[sharding-core-optimize-4.0.0-RC2.jar:4.0.0-RC2] at org.apache.shardingsphere.core.optimize.sharding.engnie.dml.ShardingInsertOptimizeEngine.optimize(ShardingInsertOptimizeEngine.java:49) ~[sharding-core-optimize-4.0.0-RC2.jar:4.0.0-RC2] at org.apache.shardingsphere.core.route.router.sharding.ParsingSQLRouter.route(ParsingSQLRouter.java:72) ~[sharding-core-route-4.0.0-RC2.jar:4.0.0-RC2] at org.apache.shardingsphere.core.route.PreparedStatementRoutingEngine.route(PreparedStatementRoutingEngine.java:66) ~[sharding-core-route-4.0.0-RC2.jar:4.0.0-RC2] at org.apache.shardingsphere.core.PreparedQueryShardingEngine.route(PreparedQueryShardingEngine.java:60) ~[sharding-core-entry-4.0.0-RC2.jar:4.0.0-RC2] at org.apache.shardingsphere.core.BaseShardingEngine.executeRoute(BaseShardingEngine.java:86) ~[sharding-core-entry-4.0.0-RC2.jar:4.0.0-RC2] at org.apache.shardingsphere.core.BaseShardingEngine.shard(BaseShardingEngine.java:70) ~[sharding-core-entry-4.0.0-RC2.jar:4.0.0-RC2] at org.apache.shardingsphere.shardingjdbc.jdbc.core.statement.ShardingPreparedStatement.shard(ShardingPreparedStatement.java:224) ~[sharding-jdbc-core-4.0.0-RC2.jar:4.0.0-RC2] at org.apache.shardingsphere.shardingjdbc.jdbc.core.statement.ShardingPreparedStatement.execute(ShardingPreparedStatement.java:170) ~[sharding-jdbc-core-4.0.0-RC2.jar:4.0.0-RC2] at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.PreparedStatementLogger.invoke(PreparedStatementLogger.java:59) ~[mybatis-3.5.2.jar:3.5.2] at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy73.execute(Unknown Source) ~[na:na] at org.apache.ibatis.executor.statement.PreparedStatementHandler.update(PreparedStatementHandler.java:47) ~[mybatis-3.5.2.jar:3.5.2] at org.apache.ibatis.executor.statement.RoutingStatementHandler.update(RoutingStatementHandler.java:74) ~[mybatis-3.5.2.jar:3.5.2] at org.apache.ibatis.executor.SimpleExecutor.doUpdate(SimpleExecutor.java:50) ~[mybatis-3.5.2.jar:3.5.2] at org.apache.ibatis.executor.BaseExecutor.update(BaseExecutor.java:117) ~[mybatis-3.5.2.jar:3.5.2] at org.apache.ibatis.executor.CachingExecutor.update(CachingExecutor.java:76) ~[mybatis-3.5.2.jar:3.5.2] at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Plugin.invoke(Plugin.java:63) ~[mybatis-3.5.2.jar:3.5.2] at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy71.update(Unknown Source) ~[na:na] at org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession.update(DefaultSqlSession.java:197) ~[mybatis-3.5.2.jar:3.5.2] at org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession.insert(DefaultSqlSession.java:184) ~[mybatis-3.5.2.jar:3.5.2] at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate$SqlSessionInterceptor.invoke(SqlSessionTemplate.java:426) ~[mybatis-spring-2.0.2.jar:2.0.2] at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy61.insert(Unknown Source) ~[na:na] at org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate.insert(SqlSessionTemplate.java:271) ~[mybatis-spring-2.0.2.jar:2.0.2] at org.apache.ibatis.binding.MapperMethod.execute(MapperMethod.java:62) ~[mybatis-3.5.2.jar:3.5.2] at org.apache.ibatis.binding.MapperProxy.invoke(MapperProxy.java:57) ~[mybatis-3.5.2.jar:3.5.2] at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy62.insert(Unknown Source) ~[na:na] at com.example.myshardingjdbc.controller.IndexController.insertOne(IndexController.java:189) ~[classes/:na] at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:189) ~[spring-web-5.1.6.RELEASE.jar:5.1.6.RELEASE] at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:138) ~[spring-web-5.1.6.RELEASE.jar:5.1.6.RELEASE] at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:102) ~[spring-webmvc-5.1.6.RELEASE.jar:5.1.6.RELEASE] at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:892) ~[spring-webmvc-5.1.6.RELEASE.jar:5.1.6.RELEASE] at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:797) ~[spring-webmvc-5.1.6.RELEASE.jar:5.1.6.RELEASE] at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:87) ~[spring-webmvc-5.1.6.RELEASE.jar:5.1.6.RELEASE] at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1038) ~[spring-webmvc-5.1.6.RELEASE.jar:5.1.6.RELEASE] at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:942) ~[spring-webmvc-5.1.6.RELEASE.jar:5.1.6.RELEASE] at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1005) ~[spring-webmvc-5.1.6.RELEASE.jar:5.1.6.RELEASE] at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:897) ~[spring-webmvc-5.1.6.RELEASE.jar:5.1.6.RELEASE] at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:634) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:882) ~[spring-webmvc-5.1.6.RELEASE.jar:5.1.6.RELEASE] at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:741) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53) ~[tomcat-embed-websocket-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:99) ~[spring-web-5.1.6.RELEASE.jar:5.1.6.RELEASE] at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) ~[spring-web-5.1.6.RELEASE.jar:5.1.6.RELEASE] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:92) ~[spring-web-5.1.6.RELEASE.jar:5.1.6.RELEASE] at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) ~[spring-web-5.1.6.RELEASE.jar:5.1.6.RELEASE] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:93) ~[spring-web-5.1.6.RELEASE.jar:5.1.6.RELEASE] at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) ~[spring-web-5.1.6.RELEASE.jar:5.1.6.RELEASE] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:200) ~[spring-web-5.1.6.RELEASE.jar:5.1.6.RELEASE] at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) ~[spring-web-5.1.6.RELEASE.jar:5.1.6.RELEASE] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:200) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:490) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:139) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:74) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:343) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:408) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:834) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1415) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149) [na:1.8.0_181] at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624) [na:1.8.0_181] at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.17.jar:9.0.17] at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748) [na:1.8.0_181]
最痛苦的是不管是百度还是google，都搜不到这个错的相关信息，太让人绝望了，想解决都找不到方向。后来一直在官网上看，把官网的教程看了几遍，确定配置没有问题，但还是没有任何头绪。最后看了很多博客，虽然没有报我这个错的，但是有些给了我一些方向，我大致感觉到可能是由于自增主键的原因。因为数据库里表的主键是自增的，但是好像分库分表的字段不能是自增的，不然就会报这个错。
而且既然都分库分表了，肯定就不会用之前数据库表的自增id了，应该用全局唯一的id，也就是分布式id，然后配置了shardingjdbc的分布式id的算法和表名，把数据库里主键image_id取消自增。但还是执行报错，不过这次错变了，变成了image_id字段超出范围，也就是说用snowflake生成的分布式id超出了现在数据库里image_id定义的int(11)。。我数了下生成的id，好像是18位的一个数字，好吧，把定义的int(11)改成int(20)总行了吧，结果改完后还是报同样的错。。位数还是不够，醉了，百度后发现不能用int存，应该用bigint存，好吧，改成bigint存后就OK了。
此问题发了我两天时间，一度想放弃，最终还是解决了，特此记录。